techinsights said that the shortage of cars and semiconductors is about to end, and supply and demand will balance   in the second half of 2023.
    analysts predict that the revenue of automotive semiconductor suppliers in 2022 will increase by 27.4%, from US $ 46.6 billion in 2021 to US $ 59.4 billion in 2022.
    techinsights said that the supply pressure of special semiconductor technology, especially those with old process nodes (such as 28 nanometer, 40 nanometer, etc.) is alleviating.
    Analysts believe that people better understand the requirements of the electric vehicle platform, especially in powerelectronicIn terms of processing needs.
The key is the newly established relationship between automobile manufacturers and semiconductor suppliers.
    Now, semiconductor suppliers can better understand demand and plan capital expenditure without worrying about the risk of excessive production capacity.
The trend of     adas/autonomous driving, advanced information entertainment, remote information processing and connection will continue to promote the continuous growth of each vehicle, which is the basis for growing demand.
    techinsights indicate: own a processor,power supply, Simulation device,MemorySemiconductor suppliers with other semiconductor product combinations have the ability to use strategic relationships with OEM, which will help seize opportunities for growth in 2023 and later.
    TSMC: It is recommended to turn the car chip to the advanced node
    TSMC European general manager Paul de Bot, Paul de Bot, said at the 27th Auto Electronics Conference held in Luthema, Germany this week that the methods of chips and procurement chips in the automotive industry have become more and more complicated.
    de Bot said that for a long time, the automotive industry has been considered as technological backward and only pays attention to backward craftsmanship, but in fact, the automotive industry began to use 5 nanometers in 2022 -Year.
    According to All-Electronics, De Bot recommends car manufacturers to start planning to turn to advanced nodes as soon as possible.
    de Bot emphasized: It is impossible to reserve idle capacity for the automotive industry -he pointed out that the IC industry's high capital requirement means that it must maintain a high capacity utilization rate.Therefore, if the order is canceled, the foundry must immediately find a substitute to maintain a high utilization rate.
    de bot tells car manufacturers that it may take six months to manufacture, packaged, test, and deliver ICs, which will affect flexibility and make the number of planning orders very important.
    The importance of the automotive industry to the chip industry is quite low.In the quarter, TSMC's only 7%income and 10%of the global chip industry came from cars.
    By 2030, it is expected that automobile IC will account for 15%of the total output of the semiconductor industry.
    but the turning of car chips to advanced technology is not easy.
    McKinsey estimates that by 2030, 90nm and above car chips will still account for 67%of the total demand for car chips, and its global supply will reach 5%of the compound annual growth rate from 2021-2026, which indicates that this showClass chips will remain tight supply in the next few years.
    Auto supply chain participants are integrating the chip of advanced processes into new models, which involves comprehensive new design and mass production, thereby improving the serious shortage of automotive chips.
    Generally, mainstream car manufacturers in the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea take 3-5 years to design, test and verify new chips for traditional models, and they will gradually embark on traditional models and new electric carsThe road to the new process chip.For example: electric car manufacturers like Tesla have higher flexibility in designing new electric vehicle chips, and they are more willing to use more advanced process nodes.
    then, what difficulties should be overcome if the car manufacturer uses advanced process nodes?
The cost of    cell phoneThe adoption of advanced processes is for better performance to ensure the performance of power consumption and fever within the allowable range.However, the use of cars is relatively fixed, basically simply displaying vehicle information, settings, maps, music, videos and other scenarios. The requirements for chip performance are relatively high, and there is a broad space inside the car.There is no need to worry about chip fever. There is enough space inside the vehicle to add higher specifications to the chip to control the temperature of the chip; the power consumption is naturally not a problem. The power consumption of the chip can be said to be insignificant in the face of the energy consumption of the car itself.
    technology using advanced processes needs to face risk and cost pressure. Except for manufacturing costs, 5 nanometers and 3 nanometers have increased new reliability challenges. The cost of soaring really makes car applications unbearable.
    vehicle regulations are long and difficult.In applications that are not fully predicted by the heat, vibration and other physical effects such as the car, the challenge becomes more complicated.In the server rack, if the internal temperature is too high, individual servers can transfer the load to other servers.Similarly, if onesmart phoneIt will be shut down in a high -temperature car, and it will shut down when the temperature drops below the limit of the preset.The calories in the car will have a great impact on all aspects such as delayed circuits from memory, and need to make the chip level level.
    from product design, flow, seal testing, car regulations and creation algorithm tool chain, to functional safety, autonomous driving software package development to improve the industry ecology.Essence
    During the chip design stage, a car -regulating chip must meet many corresponding processes at the beginning of design.For example, the design process is necessary to pass the design process, including the server, including the server, there are relatively stricter requirements.Between samples and mass production, it must be complicated, including functional safety, functional safety processes and products. This cycle may take two years.
    Early loss efficiency test requires more than 800 chips, and the overall test process is about half a year. If it fails, it may need to come from scratch.Re -test.Now the loss efficiency of chip pursuit of the automotive industry is zero, and one million chips have zero -efficiency. This is a very strict condition.The loss of consumer or in industrial chips is a few hundred and thousands of indicators.However, the chip verified by the car can only be available, and this cycle cannot be skipped.
    Of course, this is not all of the car companies, because sometimes car companies cannot chase new.
    restrictions of suppliers.Most of the car chips are not produced by car companies, but are provided by suppliers, which are part of the cars' unavailable part.For example, at this time node in 2020, Nvidia can provide mass production of high -performance autonomous driving chips is an Xavier created by TSMC 12nm process. At this time, computer graphics cards and mobile phone processors basically popularized 7nm process.12nm is a relatively backward process process.In addition, it takes a certain amount of time to match the company to the car companies to match the actual launch, and it is necessary to prepare in advance for car companies to develop new models.If the new process chip is not available when developing a new model, it may also miss the new process chip.
    Although the challenges are heavy, during the lack of cores, car chips that are hindered by mature crafts are still in short supply. Some car manufacturers around the world are using advanced process nodes to manufacture chips, especially for new models and electric cars.
    From the results, the current 5nm process chip is in the state of research and development or release, and gradually began to enter the mass production stage; however, in the 7nm chip, there are already chips such as ORIN, FSD, EYEQ5, 8155 and other chips to achieve mass production, while other chips are in the other chips.In the next few years, mass production will be achieved, which indicates that the chip for advanced vehicles will begin to enter the mass production acceleration period.
    At the same time, TSMC and Samsung, two of the wafer factories, which have the advanced wafer manufacturing process, will benefit from it, especially TSMC. Among the 14 chips statistics, 11 models have been adopted or planned to be replaced by TSMC.Only a few companies such as Aha and Tesla chose to be founded by Samsung.